N-甲酰吗啉芳烃抽提塔试验研究

用小型碳钢筛板萃取塔进行了宽馏分重整脱庚烷油的N 甲酰吗啉抽提试验 ,考察了抽提温度、溶剂比、溶剂含水率对总芳烃收率及选择性的影响。结果表明 ,在抽提温度为 60℃、溶剂含水为 3 % (m )和溶剂比S/F =4(V)的抽提操作条件下 ,溶剂选择性较高 ,并可获得高的芳烃回收率     

泡沫陶瓷的研制

泡沫陶瓷是一种新型的功能陶瓷材料。它具有独特的结构和性能，在工业中有着广泛的应用前景。泡沫陶瓷具有密度小、透气性高、耐高温、抗化学腐蚀等特性。本研究对用颗粒强化的氧化铝骨架合成泡沫陶瓷进行了分析。这种材料比其它多孔陶瓷材料具有更好的热化学性质。这种材料可以用有机海绵浸浆获得，然后烧去海绵，留下多孔陶瓷网。这种方法的优点是它包含了过程参数和陶瓷结构，同时合成物的烧结情况及其它条件的影响在文中也有阐述。     

单烷基取代苯基哌嗪衍生物的合成

单烷基取代苯基哌嗪衍生物是合成苯基哌嗪类化合物的重要中间体。以二乙醇胺为起始原料,在10℃滴加氯化亚砜,室温反应1 h,再于60℃反应5 h,经氯代反应制得β,β′-二氯代二乙胺盐酸盐,然后分别与2-甲基苯胺、4-叔丁基苯胺、4-甲基苯胺在130℃反应50 h,得2-甲基苯基哌嗪盐酸盐、4-叔丁基苯基哌嗪盐酸盐、4-甲基苯基哌嗪盐酸盐3个目标化合物,收率分别为78%、61%、67%。其结构经1HNMR、13CNMR、MS证实与目标化合物的结构一致。     

Adsorption of dissolved organics from industrial effluents on to activated carbon

Industrial effluents usually include multicomponent organic solutes. The optimum pH for adsorption of a specific industrial effluent on activated carbon should be determined experimentally because, in general, more than one mechanism is involved. A series of experiments was conducted to establish the influence of the initial hydrogen ion concentration on carbon adsorption of organic solutes. For these studies, powdered activated carbon was used, and the water systems studied included both single component pure organic compounds as well as multicomponent organic wastes. Results indicate that the pH effect upon the effectiveness of carbon adsorption mainly depends upon the nature of the adsorbed substance. In general, the degree of ionisation is the controlling factor for adsorption of ionic organic solutes on activated carbon. Adsorption reaches a maximum at the point of least ionisation of the adsorbate. As the organic compounds become more complex (i.e. longer hydrocarbon chains, higher molecular weights, increased branching), the electrical adsorption forces between activated carbon and ionic organic solutes will govern. Anionic surfactants meet with decreased electronegative repulsive forces at low pH levels, which increase the effectiveness of carbon adsorption. However, the adsorption of a cationic surfactant is increased by an increase in the electronegative carbon surface at high pH levels. When ionic organic solutes become much more complex, like a polymer, the effects of both ionisation and electrical adsorption forces become less important. Instead, the adsorption rate will be controlled by the extent of hydrolysis caused by the pH adjustment. For non-ionic organic solutes, chemical reaction(s) between the adsorbate and the added chemical (acid or base) for pH adjustment is an important controlling factor. Again, hydrolysis is responsible for the breakdown of larger size molecules to smaller sizes. Then an increase in adsorption rate with decreasing molecular weight of adsorbate is expected.     

塑料包装应用及技术进展

塑料在包装领域有着广泛的应用，其中聚酯（PET）性能优良，应用领域不断扩大。介绍了塑料包装不断通现的新技术，以及塑料包装环保问题的几点思路。     

Continuous production of structured phospholipids in a packed bed reactor with lipase from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Thermomyces lanuginosa</Emphasis>

The possibilities of producing structured phospholipids between soybean phospholipids and caprylic acid by lipase-catalyzed acidolysis were examined in continuous packedbed enzyme reactors. Acidolysis reactions were performed in both a solvent system and a solvent-free system with the commercially immobilized lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosa (Lipozyme TL IM) as catalyst. In the packed bed reactors, different parameters for the lipase-catalyzed acidolysis were elucidated, such as solvent ratio (solvent system), temperature, substrate ratio, residence time, water content, and operation stability. The water content was observed to be very crucial for the acidolysis reaction in packed bed reactors. If no water was added to the substrate during reactions under the solvent-free system, very low incorporation corporation of caprylic acid was observed. In both solvent and solvent-free systems, acyl incorporation was favored by a high substrate ratio between acyl donor and phospholipids, a longer residence time, and a higher reaction temperature. Under certain conditions, the incorporation of around 30% caprylic acid can be obtained in continuous operation with hexane as the solvent. Presented at the 95th American Oil Chemists' Society Annual Meeting and Expo in Cincinnati, Ohio, May 10, 2004.     

快闪存储器大有可为

快闪存储器经历过高速发展时间,由于供过于求,目前行情看跌,但发展前景无疑是远大的。重点介绍了英特尔、AMD和三星的最新产品和重大市场举措。最后简要介绍了当前快闪存储器的技术发展趋势。     

无润滑空气压缩机冷却水系统的清洗

介绍了无润滑空气压缩机冷却水系统结垢的危害性，阐述了清洗的原理，提出了清洗时应注意的工艺参数，操作时的注意事项和由此带来的经济效益。     

金属闪光外墙乳胶漆的研制及性能研究

以丙烯酸酯及有机硅单体为原料合成了核-壳型硅丙乳液,用自制分散剂将闪光铝粉分散成水性闪光铝粉浆,并成功分散于硅丙乳液中,加入进口助剂,配制成水性金属闪光外墙乳胶漆.讨论了基料的玻璃化温度、单体的加入方式、引发剂、乳化剂、反应温度、聚合工艺和pH等对乳胶漆性能的影响.     

Lymphatic transport in rats of interesterified oils containing conjugated linoleic acids

In this study we examined the lymphatic transport in rats of FA after administration of interesterified oils containing CLA, with emphasis on the location of CLA and octanoic acid in the TAG. The oils were produced by enzymatic interesterification. Eight oils with different structures or FA profiles were examined in this study: MCM, CMC, OCO, and COC, where M was expected to be octanoic acid and O oleic acid. In group 1, C was CLA as a mixture of the two CLA isomers c9, t11 or t10, c12, and in group 2, C was mainly the isomer t10, c12. Rats were subjected to cannulation of the mesenteric lymph duct, and the following day they were intragastrically administered one of the oils and lymph samples were collected for 24 h. The lymphatic transport of total FA from 0 to 8 h in group 1 was significantly (P < 0.05) higher for the OCO-1 and the COC-1 oils than for the CMC-1 oil. Similarly, in group 2 the transport was higher for the OCO-2 oil than for the CMC-2 oil. The recovery of both of the CLA isomers examined was similar (50-70%) and independent of the isomer, oil structure, and FA profile, whereas more octanoic acid was recovered from the CMC oils than from the MCM oils. The results indicated that the FA profiles and the position of octanoic acid had only a minor influence on the absorption of CLA.